Floresta e Ambiente
https://www.floram.org/article/doi/10.1590/2179-8087.024115
Floresta e Ambiente
Original Article Forest Products

Fenologia Vegetativa e Crescimento de Cedrela fissilis na Floresta Atlântica, Paraná, Brasil

Vegetative Phenology and Growth of Cedrela fissilis in Atlantic Forest, Southern Brazil

Fernando Andreacci; Paulo Cesar Botosso; Franklin Galvão

Downloads: 0
Views: 1182

Resumo

RESUMO: A fenologia, o incremento em circunferência do tronco e a atividade cambial de indivíduos de Cedrela fissilis (Meliaceae) foram observados mensalmente em duas tipologias de Floresta Ombrófila (Densa e Mista) na Floresta Atlântica, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. As observações se deram por meio do método de índice de atividade, leitura de incremento em circunferência do tronco com o uso de dendrômetros permanentes e amostragens periódicas de tecido cambial de 24 árvores da espécie. O ritmo de incremento observado é sazonal, iniciando-se após a expansão total do limbo e interrompendo-se quando as folhas maduras estão em senescência adiantada e/ou em sua ausência. Análises estatísticas mostraram relações significativas entre incremento, variáveis climáticas e fenologia. A espécie apresenta formação de anéis anuais de crescimento, sendo observadas flutuações anatômicas intra-anuais. Os resultados indicam que a fenologia vegetativa dos indivíduos parece ser influenciada mais fortemente pelo fotoperíodo e temperatura do que pela precipitação.

Palavras-chave

floresta ombrófila, dendrômetros, atividade cambial

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Phenology, girth trunk increment and cambial activity of Cedrela fissilis (Meliaceae) individuals were monthly evaluated in two distinct units of the Atlantic Forest (Ombrophilous Dense and Mixed forests), in the state of Paraná, Brazil. Readings of 24 individuals were assessed by activity index, permanent band dendrometers, and periodic samplings of cambial tissue. The girth increment rhythm is seasonal, it begins after total leaf blade expansion and is suspended when mature leaves are in advanced senescence and/or absent. Statistical analysis shows significant relationships between girth increment, climatic variables and phenology. The species presents annual growth rings and intra-annual anatomical fluctuations. Its vegetative phenology seems to be more strongly driven by day length and temperature than by precipitation.
 

Keywords

ombrophilous forest, dendrometers, cambial activity

References

Alvim PT. Periodicidade do crescimento das árvores em climas tropicais. In: Anais do Congresso Nacional de Botânica; 1964; Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 1964.

Andreacci F, Botosso PC, Galvão F. Sinais climáticos em anéis de crescimento de Cedrela fissilis em diferentes tipologias de florestas ombrófilas do sul do brasil. Floresta 2014; 44(2): 323-332. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/rf.v44i2.27316.

Augspurger CK. Phenology, flowering synchrony, and fruit set of six neotropical shrubs. Biotropica 1983; 15(4): 257-267. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2387650.

Bencke CS, Morellato LPC. Comparação de dois métodos de avaliação da fenologia de plantas, interpretação e representação. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 2002; 25(3): 269-275.

Borchert R. Organismic and environmental controls of bud growth in tropical trees. In: Viémont JD, Crabbé J, editors. Dormancy in plants: from whole plant behavior to cellular control. Wallingford: CABI; 2000.

Botosso PC, Tomazello-Filho M. Aplicação de faixas dendrométricas na dendrocronologia: avaliação da taxa e do ritmo de crescimento do tronco de árvores tropicais e subtropicais. In: Maia NB, Martos HL, Barella W, ediores. Indicadores ambientais: conceitos e aplicações. São Paulo: EDUC; 2001.

Callado CH, Silva SJ No, Scarano FR, Barros C, Costa CG. Anatomical features of growth rings in flood-prone trees of Atlantic rain Forest in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. IAWA Journal 2001; 22(1): 29-42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000266.

Cardoso FCG, Marques R, Botosso PC, Marques MCM. Stem growth and phenology of two tropical trees in contrasting soil conditions. Plant and Soil 2012; 354(1-2): 269-281. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-011-1063-9.

Costa MS, Vasconcellos TJ, Barros CF, Callado CH. Does growth rhythm of a widespread species change in distinct growth sites? IAWA Journal 2013; 34(4): 498-509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00000040.

Dünisch O, Bauch J, Gasparotto L. Formation of increment zones and intraannual growth dynamics in the xylem of Swietenia macrophylla, Carapa guianensis, and Cedrela odorata (Meliaceae). IAWA Journal 2002; 23(2): 101-119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000292.

Fahn A, Burley J, Longman A, Mariaux A, Tomlinson P. Possible contributions of wood anatomy to the determination of the age of tropical trees. In: Bormann FH, Berlyn G, editors. Age and growth rate of tropical trees: new directions for research. New Haven: Yale University; 1981.

Ferraz DK, Artes R, Mantovani W, Magalhães LM. Fenologia de árvores em fragmento de mata em São Paulo, SP. Revista Brasileira de Biologia 1999; 59(2): 305-317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-71081999000200013.

Ferretti AR, Britez RM. Ecological restoration carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation: the experience of the Society for Wildlife Research and Environmental Education (SPVS) in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Southern Brazil. Journal for Nature Conservation 2006; 14(3-4): 249-259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2006.04.006.

Hilty SL. Flowering and fruiting periodicity in a premontane rain forest in Pacific Colombia. Biotropica 1980; 12(4): 292-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2387701.

Jacoby GC. Overview of tree-ring analysis in tropical regions. IAWA Bulletin 1989; 10(2): 99-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000478.

Kozlowski TT, Kramer PJ, Pallardy SG. The physiological ecology of woody plants. San Diego: Academic Press; 1991.

Kozlowski TT, Pallardy SG. Physiology of woody plants. Burlington: Academic Press; 2008.

Lisi CS, Tomazello-Filho M, Botosso PC, Roig FA, Maria VRB, Ferreira-Fedele L et al. Tree-ring formation, radial increment periodicity and phenology of tree species from a Seasonal Semi-Decidous Forest in Southeast Brazil. IAWA Journal 2008; 29(2): 189-207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000179.

Lobão MS. Dendrocronologia, fenologia, atividade cambial e qualidade do lenho de árvores de Cedrela odorata L., Cedrela fissilis Vell. e Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum Hub. ex Ducke, no estado do Acre, Brasil [tese]. Piracicaba: Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Universidade de São Paulo; 2011.

Marcati CR, Angyalossy V, Evert RF. Seasonal variation in wood formation of Cedrela fissilis (Meliaceae). IAWA Journal 2006; 27(2): 199-211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000149.

Marques MCM, Roper JJ, Salvalaggio APB. Phenological patterns among plant life forms in a subtropical forest in Southern Brazil. Plant Ecology 2004; 173(2): 203-213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:VEGE.0000029325.85031.90.

Mittermeier RA, Gil PR, Hoffman M, Pilgrim J, Brooks T, Mittermeier CG et al. Hotspots revisited: earth's biologically richest and most endangered terrestrial ecoregions. Washington, DC: Conservation International; 2005.

Morellato LPC, Rodrigues RR, Leitão-Filho HF, Joly CA. Estudo fenológico comparativo de espécies arbóreas de floresta de altitude e floresta mesófila semidecídua na Serra do Japi, Jundiaí, SP. Revista Brasileira de Botanica. Brazilian Journal of Botany 1989; 12(1): 85-98.

Morellato LPC, Talora DC, Takahasi A, Bencke CC, Romera EC, Zipparro VB. Phenology of Atlantic Rain Forest trees: a comparative study. Biotropica 2000; 32(4): 811-823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2000.tb00620.x.

Muellner AN, Pennington TD, Koecke AV, Renner SS. Biogeography of Cedrela (Meliaceae, Sapindales) in Central and South America. American Journal of Botany 2010; 97(3): 511-518. PMid:21622412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900229.

O’Brien JJ, Oberbauer SF, Clark DB, Clark DA. Phenology and stem diameter increment seasonality in a Costa Rican wet tropical forest. Biotropica 2008; 40(2): 151-159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00354.x.

O’Brien TP, Feder N, McCully ME. Polychromatic staining of plant cell walls by Toluidine Blue O. Protoplasma 1964; 59(2): 368-373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01248568.

Opler PA, Frankie GW, Baker HG. Rainfall as a factor in the release, timing, and synchronization of anthesis by tropical trees and shrubs. Journal of Biogeography 1976; 3(3): 231-236. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3038013.

Pagès J. Multiple factor analysis by example using. London: Chapman and Hall; 2014.

Pinheiro AL, Maragon LC, Paiva GLRMP. Características fenológicas do Cedro (Cedrela fissilis Vell.) em Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Boletim de Pesquisa Florestal 1990; 21(1): 21-26.

Rauber CR. Dendroecologia de Cedrela fissilis Vell. (Meliaceae) em um ecótono de Florestas Subtropicais Montanas no Brasil [dissertação]. Porto Alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2010.

Reich PB, Borchert R. Water stress and tree phenology in a tropical dry forest in the lowlands of Costa Rica. Journal of Ecology 1984; 72(1): 61-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2260006.

Rivera G, Borchert R. Induction of flowering in tropical trees by a 30-min reduction in photoperiod: evidence from field observations and herbarium specimens. Tree Physiology 2001; 21(4): 201-212. PMid:11276414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/treephys/21.4.201.

Rizzini CT. Tratado de fitogeografia do Brasil. São Paulo: EDUSP; 1979.

Roig FA. Dendrocronología en los bosques del neotrópico: revisión y prospección futura. In: Roig FA, editor. Dendrocronología en América Latina. Mendoza: EIUNC; 2000.

Shimamoto CY, Botosso PC, Amano E, Marques MCM. Stem growth rhythms in trees of a tropical rainforest in Southern Brazil. Trees - Structure and Function 2016; 30: 99-111.

Sistema Meteorológico do Paraná – SIMEPAR. Dados climáticos diários dos municípios de Antonina e Curitiba. Curitiba: SIMEPAR; 2016.

Van Schaik CP, Terborgh JW, Wright SJ. The phenology of Tropical Forests: adaptive significance and consequences for primary consumers. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 1993; 24(1): 353-377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.002033.

Varejão-Silva MA. Meteorologia e Climatologia. Brasília, DF: Gráfica e Editora Stilo, 2000.

Walter H, Lieth H. Climate diagram world atlas. Jena: Gustav Fischer; 1967.

Wright SJ, van Schaik CP. Light and the phenology of Tropical Trees. American Naturalist 1994; 143(1): 192-199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/285600.

Wright SJ. Seasonal drought and the phenology of understory shrubs in a Tropical Moist Forest. Ecology 1991; 72(5): 1643-1657. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1940964.
 

58ff52910e8825fd6aabdcf2 floram Articles
Links & Downloads

FLORAM

Share this page
Page Sections