25APR

FLORAM receives Impact Factor

We are pleased to announce that FLORAM has received its first impact factor rating in the 2022 Journal Citation Reports (JCR).

Now FLORAM has the highest impact factor among Brazilian Forest Sciences journals.

Floresta e Ambiente
https://www.floram.org/article/doi/10.1590/2179-8087.113417
Floresta e Ambiente
Original Article Conservation of Nature

Protected Area Systems in South American Countries

Geraldo Majela Moraes Salvio; Carolina Ribeiro Gomes

Downloads: 1
Views: 1186

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Protected Areas (PA) represent an important biodiversity conservation strategy, but these areas are threatened by increasing human pressure and inefficient management. Thus, the objective was to analyze the management of PA in South America, a continent with particular characteristics in relation to the political and socioeconomic complexity that reflect the way each country manages its PA. The results showed that, although there is progress in establishing PAs, there is only effective protection when they have adequate size and management, and Protected Area Systems (PAS) are established. It was possible to observe the importance of the PAS, since, PA managed outside it have comprehensive norms, without defined criteria, with several organs operating without connection. For PA management, uniform and standardized actions are fundamental in order to allow a global network for biodiversity protection.

Keywords

NPAS, national park, conservation of natural areas

References

Argentina. Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Consejo Federal de Medio Ambiente. Resolución nº 70/03, de 11 de septiembre de 2003. Estabelece Marco Estatutário del Sistema Federal de Áreas Protegidas. Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina, Buenos Aires (2003 sept.).

Armsworth PR, Cantú-Salazar L, Parnell M, Davies ZG, Stoneman R. Management costs for small protected areas and economies of scale in habitat conservation. Biological Conservation 2011; 144(1): 423-429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.09.026.

Bolívia. Ley n° 1.333, de 27 de abril de 1992. Ley del Medio Ambiente . Gaceta Oficial de Bolivia, Bolívia (1992 jun.).

Brasil. Lei n° 9. 985, de 18 de julio de 2000. Institui o Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação (SNUC) e dá outras providências . Diário Oficial da República Federativa do Brasil, Brasília, DF (2000 jul.).

Brooks TM, Bakarr MI, Boucher T, da Fonseca GAB, Hilton-Taylor C, Hoekstra JM et al. Coverage provided by the global Protected-Area System: is it enough? Bioscience 2004; 54(12): 1081-1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[1081:CPBTGP]2.0.CO;2.

Bruner AG, Gullison RE, Rice RE, da Fonseca GAB. Effectiveness of Parks in protecting tropical biodiversity. Science 2001; 291(5501): 125-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.291.5501.125. PMid:11141563.

Butchart SHM, Walpole M, Collen B, van Strien A, Scharlemann JPW, Almond REA et al. Global biodiversity: indicators of recent declines. Science 2010; 328(5982): 1164-1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1187512. PMid:20430971.

Chape S, Harrison J, Spalding M, Lysenko I. Measuring the extent and effectiveness of Protected Areas as an indicator for meeting global biodiversity targets. Biological Sciences 2005; 360(1454): 443-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1592. PMid:15814356.

Chile. Ministerio de Agricultura. Ley n°. 18.362, 27 de diciembre de 1984. Crea um Sistema Nacional de Áreas Silvestres Protegidas del Estado. Diario Oficial de la República de Chile, Santiago (1984 nov.).

Colombia. Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial. Decreto n°. 2.372, de 01 de julio de 2010. Reglamenta el Sistema Nacional de Áreas Protegidas, las categorías de manejo que lo conforman y se dictan otras disposiciones . Diário Oficial do Município de Colômbia, Bogotá (2010 jul.).

Davis M, Naumann S, McFarland K, Graf A, Evans D. Literature Review: the ecological effectiveness of the Natura 2000 network. 1st ed. Paris: European Topic Centre on Biological Diversity; 2014.

Don Carlos AW, Teel TL, Manfredo MJ, Mathur VB. Building capacity to enhance Protected Area management effectiveness: a current needs assessment for the Asian Context. The George Wright Forum 2013; 30(2): 154-162.

Dourojeanni MJ, Pádua MTJ. Biodiversidade: a hora decisiva. 1st ed. Curitiba: Universidade Federal do Paraná; 2001.

Dourojeanni MJ. Sistemas de áreas protegidas en América Latina: Teoría y práctica. Exégesis 2010; 2(3): 67-76.

Dudley N. Guidelines for applying Protected Area management categories . Gland: IUCN; 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2008.PAPS.2.en.

Ecuador. Estrategia preliminar para la Conservación de las Áreas Silvestres Sobresalientes del Ecuador. Quito: Servicio Forestal del Ecuador; 1976.

Eken G, Bennun L, Brooks TM, Darwall W, Fishpool LDC, Foster M et al. Key biodiversity areas as site conservation targets. Bioscience 2004; 54(12): 1110-1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[1110:KBAASC]2.0.CO;2.

Elbres J. Las áreas protegidas de América Latina: Situación actual y perspectivas para el futuro. Quito: UICN; 2011.

Fouda M, Grainger J, Salama W, El Din SB, Paleczny D, Zalat S et al. Management effectiveness evaluation of Egypt’s Protected Area System. Cairo: Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs; 2006.

Gay C. Sobre las causas de la disminución de lós montes de la Provincia de Coquimbo. In: Squeo FA, Arancio G, Gutiérrez JR, editor. Libro rojo de la flora nativa y de los sitios prioritarios para sua conservación: Región de Coquimbo . La Serena: Universidad de La Serena; 2001.

Geldmann J, Coad L, Barnes M, Craigie ID, Hockings M, Knights K et al. Changes in protected area management effectiveness over time: a global analysis. Biological Conservation 2015; 191: 692-699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.08.029.

Guyana. Act n° 14 of 2011. Protected Areas Act 2011. The Official Gazette. Georgetown (2011 july).

Humbley C, Canney SM. Conservation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2013.

International Union for Conservation of Nature – IUCN. United Nations List of National Parks and Protected Areas. Cambridge: IUCN Publications; 1985.

International Union for Conservation of Nature – IUCN. United Nations List of Protected Areas. Cambridge: IUCN Publications, 1998.

Irving MA, Matos K. Gestão de parques nacionais no Brasil: projetando desafios para a implementação do Plano Nacional Estratégico de Áreas Protegidas. Floresta e Ambiente 2006; 13(2): 89-96.

Jenkins CN, Joppa L. Expansion of the global terrestrial Protected Area System. Biological Conservation 2009; 142(10): 2166-2174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.04.016.

Joppa LN, Loarie S, Pimm S. On the protection of “Protected Areas”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2008; 105(18): 6673-6678. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0802471105. PMid:18451028.

Jorquera-Jaramillo C, Alonso Veja JM, Aburto J, Martínez-Tillería K, León MF, Pérez MA et al. Conservación de la Biodiversidad en Chile: nuevos desafíos y oportunidades em ecosistemas terrestres y marinos costeros. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 2012; 85: 267-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0716-078X2012000300002.

Juffe-Bignoli D, Burgess ND, Bingham H, Belle EMS, de Lima MG, Deguignet M et al. Protected Planet Report 2014. Cambridge: UNEP-WCMC; 2014.

Kharouba HM, Kerr JT. Just passing through: Global change and the conservation of biodiversity in protected areas. Biological Conservation 2010; 143(5): 1094-1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.02.002.

Leroux SJ, Krawchuk MA, Schmiegelow F, Cumming SG, Lisgo K, Anderson LG et al. Global protected areas and IUCN designations: do the categories match the conditions? Biological Conservation 2010; 143(3): 609-616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.11.018.

Lushaj B, Malsia-Lushaj V, Lushak A, Lushaj A. Recognition, dedication and management of the Protected Areas, as and understanding and enhancing of the ecotourism are great opportunities given through education, a request of time in Albania. Online International Interdisciplinary Research Journal 2016; 5: 2249-9598.

Margules CR, Pressey RL. Systematic conservation planning. Nature 2000; 405(6783): 243-253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35012251. PMid:10821285.

Martin A, Coolsaet B, Corbera E, Dawson NM, Fraser JA, Lehmann I et al. Justice and conservation: the need to incorporate recognition. Biological Conservation 2016; 197: 254-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.03.021.

Martinuzzi S, Radeloff VC, Joppa LN, Hamilton CM, Helmers DP, Plantinga AJ et al. Scenarios of future land use change around United States’ protected areas. Biological Conservation 2015; 184: 446-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.02.015.

McDonald RI, Boucher TM. Global development and the future of the protected area strategy. Biological Conservation 2011; 144(1): 383-392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2010.09.016.

Meneguel CA, Etchebehere MLC. Parques Nacionais no Brasil e a prática do turismo sustentável. Revista Hospitalidade 2011; 8(1): 78-94.

Orlikowska EH, Roberge JM, Blicharska M, Mikusiński G. Gaps in ecological research on the world’s largest internationally coordinated network of protected areas: a review of Natura 2000. Biological Conservation 2016; 200: 216-227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.015.

Paraguay. Congreso de la Nación Paraguaya. Ley n° 352/94 de Áreas Silvestres Protegidas. Gaceta Oficial de la República del Paraguay. Asunción (1994).

Peru. Ley N° 26834 de 17 julio de 1997. Ley de Areas Naturales Protegidas . Diário Oficial El Peruano. Lima (1997 jul.).

Pimm SL, Ayres M, Balmford A, Branch G, Brandon K, Brooks T et al. Can we defy nature’s end? Science 2001; 293(5538): 2207-2208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1061626. PMid:11567124.

Prates APL, Irving MA. Conservação da biodiversidade e políticas públicas para as áreas protegidas no Brasil: desafios e tendências da origem da CDB às Metas de Aichi. Revista Brasileira de Politicas Publicas 2015; 5: 28-57.

Rodrigues ASL, Akcakaya HR, Andelman SJ, Bakarr MI, Boitani L, Brooks TM et al. Global Gap Analysis: priority regions for expanding the global Protected-Area network. Bioscience 2004b; 54(12): 1092-1097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[1092:GGAPRF]2.0.CO;2.

Rodrigues ASL, Andelman SJ, Bakarr MI, Boitani L, Brooks TM, Cowling RM et al. Effectiveness of the Global Protected Area network in representing species diversity. Nature 2004a; 428(6983): 640-643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02422. PMid:15071592.

Santos CF, Krawiec VAM. A situação ambiental e a administração das Unidades de Conservação em Campo Grande-MS, na visão de seus gestores. Floresta e Ambiente 2011; 18(3): 334-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/floram.2011.053.

Scharlemann JPW, Kapos V, Campbell A, Lysenko I, Burgess ND, Hansen MC et al. Securing tropical forest carbon: the contribution of protected areas to REDD. Oryx 2010; 44(03): 352-357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0030605310000542.

Schodelbauerova I, Roberts DL, Kindlmann P. Size of protected areas is the main determinant of species diversity in orchids. Biological Conservation 2009; 142(10): 2329-2334. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2009.05.015.

Tribunal de Contas da União – TCU. Relatório da Auditoria Coordenada em Áreas Protegidas da América Latina. Brasília: TCU; 2015.

Tuvi EL, Vellak A, Reier Ü, Szava-Kovats R, Pärtel M. Establishment of protected areas in different ecoregions, ecosystems, and diversity hotspots under successive political systems. Biological Conservation 2011; 144(5): 1726-1732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.03.008.

Uruguay. Ley n° 17234 de 22, de febrero de 2000. Crea o Sistema Nacional de Areas Protegidas do Uruguay. Diario Oficial de la República del Uruguay. Montevideo (2000).

Venezuela. Lei n° 3.238 de 11, de agosto de 1983. Decreta la Siguiente, Ley Organica para la Ordenacion del Territorio. Gaceta Oficial de la Republica de Venezuela. Caracas (1983).

Watson JEM, Dudley N, Segan DB, Hockings M. The performance and potential of protected areas. Nature 2014; 515(7525): 67-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature13947. PMid:25373676.

Willis KJ, Jeffers ES, Tovar C, Long PR, Caithness N, Smit MGD et al. Determining the ecological value of landscapes beyond protected areas. Biological Conservation 2012; 147(1): 3-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2011.11.001.

Zhu L, Zhan X, Meng T, Zhang S, Wei F. Landscape features influence gene flow as measured by cost-distance and genetic analyses: a case study for giant pandas in the Daxiangling and Xiaoxiangling Mountains. BMC Genetics 2010; 11(1): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-11-72. PMid:20653932.

Zimmerer KS, Galt RE, Buck MV. Globalization and multi-spatial trends in the coverage of protected-area conservation (1980–2000). Ambio 2004; 33(8): 520-529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447-33.8.520. PMid:15666684.
 

5b97f8be0e8825784988bac9 floram Articles
Links & Downloads

FLORAM

Share this page
Page Sections